Taxes & Government Spending

Worth the price?

Geoffrey Lawrence

From a policy standpoint, Nevada's 76th Legislative Session produced a smattering of successes and failures. Lawmakers passed reforms addressing the state's faltering K-12 education system and collective bargaining statutes, although the reforms fell far short of what is needed.

Legislators ignored other areas in desperate need of redress — including unfunded pension liabilities, higher education finance and the SAGE Commission recommendations. Instead, lawmakers focused almost singularly on the state budget.

Public revenues are a reflection of private-sector economic growth, and just as Nevada's private economy has been hammered while markets correct for years of policy failings from the Federal Reserve and Congress, state finances have remained a mess. After peaking in 2007, state General Fund revenues have been projected to decline for four consecutive years.

In 2009, lawmakers elected to avoid restructuring state finances as private businesses would, deciding it would be easier to levy a two-year tax increase and continue increasing spending. In 2011, lawmakers extended the bulk of that tax increase for another two years — an 11.5 percent total increase in the state tax burden — even though the Nevada Policy Research Institute had explained and laid out billions in potential savings before the session began.

Sure, a May 26 Supreme Court decision blew a hole in Governor Brian Sandoval's budget proposal by declaring the funding sources for $481 million invalid under the state's constitution. The resulting atmosphere of urgency prompted Sandoval and some legislative Republicans to collaborate with Democratic lawmakers and extend $625 million in expiring taxes.

However, in the weeks prior to the Court's decision, Sandoval had added spending of $440 million to his budget proposal. Higher revenue projections from the state's Economic Forum and higher federal match rates for the state's Medicaid program indicated that more money would be available. Hence, notwithstanding the Court decision, sufficient revenue existed for a spending plan close to that originally proposed by Sandoval. Indeed, the most curious aspect of the 76th Session was Sandoval's sudden unwillingness — with less than two weeks before session adjournment — to support the very spending level that he himself had proposed.

As quid pro quo for their reversal on taxes, Sandoval and cooperating Republican lawmakers got the following reforms:

  • In times of severe fiscal stress, local governments will now be able to re-open contract negotiations.
  • Management employees can no longer collectively bargain — even though the definition of "management employee" is so narrow it applies to practically no one.
  • Legislation now makes student performance a component of teacher evaluations and layoff decisions.
  • A new performance pay program rewards highly effective teachers.
  • It will now take three years for teachers to attain tenure.

Certainly, these reforms will help, but they are only a beginning.

Time will tell if they are worth the $625 million Nevada families will pay in higher taxes.

Geoffrey Lawrence is deputy director of policy at the Nevada Policy Research Institute. For more visit http://npri.org. This article first appeared in the Reno Gazette-Journal.

Geoffrey Lawrence

Geoffrey Lawrence

Director of Research

Geoffrey Lawrence is director of research at Nevada Policy.

Lawrence has broad experience as a financial executive in the public and private sectors and as a think tank analyst. Lawrence has been Chief Financial Officer of several growth-stage and publicly traded manufacturing companies and managed all financial reporting, internal control, and external compliance efforts with regulatory agencies including the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Lawrence has also served as the senior appointee to the Nevada State Controller’s Office, where he oversaw the state’s external financial reporting, covering nearly $10 billion in annual transactions. During each year of Lawrence’s tenure, the state received the Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting Award from the Government Finance Officers’ Association.

From 2008 to 2014, Lawrence was director of research and legislative affairs at Nevada Policy and helped the institute develop its platform of ideas to advance and defend a free society.  Lawrence has also written for the Cato Institute and the Heritage Foundation, with particular expertise in state budgets and labor economics.  He was delighted at the opportunity to return to Nevada Policy in 2022 while concurrently serving as research director at the Reason Foundation.

Lawrence holds an M.A. in international economics from American University in Washington, D.C., an M.S. and a B.S. in accounting from Western Governors University, and a B.A. in international relations from the University of North Carolina at Pembroke.  He lives in Las Vegas with his beautiful wife, Jenna, and their two kids, Carson Hayek and Sage Aynne.